Saudi Arabia Advances Toward Nuclear Energy with Vision 2030
Saudi Arabia is accelerating its nuclear energy ambitions as part of its Vision 2030 strategy to diversify its energy portfolio and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. A key component of this strategy is the development of both large-scale nuclear power plants and the exploration of Small Modular Reactors in Saudi Arabia. These compact, flexible reactors are gaining attention for their potential to support sustainable energy, water desalination, and hydrogen production.
Technical Milestone: First Large-Scale Nuclear Plant Specifications Finalized
The Kingdom has finalized the technical specifications for its first large-scale nuclear power plant, marking a significant milestone in its nuclear journey. The plant is being developed in line with the highest international standards and is expected to enhance national energy security while stimulating local industry. This foundational project sets the stage for broader nuclear infrastructure, including the integration of small modular technologies.
KACARE Eyes Small Modular Reactors for Flexible Energy Solutions
The King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy (KACARE), the lead agency for nuclear development, has confirmed its interest in Small Modular Reactors in Saudi Arabia. These reactors are being evaluated for their adaptability and potential to provide low-emission energy solutions. Their compact size and scalability make them ideal for remote areas, industrial zones, and applications like water desalination and hydrogen production – key priorities for the Kingdom’s sustainable development.
International Oversight: IAEA Supports Saudi Nuclear Infrastructure
In May 2025, Saudi Arabia hosted the International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA) first-ever Management Systems Advisory Service (IMSAS) mission. The review focused on the Duwayhin Nuclear Energy Company (DNEC), the designated operator of the first nuclear plant. The IAEA team found DNEC’s management system to be well-structured and aligned with international best practices, identifying four good practices and offering recommendations for further improvement. This collaboration underscores Saudi Arabia’s commitment to transparency and global nuclear safety standards.
Building National Capacity Through Talent and Technology
A central pillar of Saudi Arabia’s nuclear development is the cultivation of national expertise. KACARE continues to invest in human capital through scholarships, training programs, and research initiatives. These efforts aim to ensure that the Kingdom’s nuclear sector is not only technologically advanced but also self-reliant. As Small Modular Reactors in Saudi Arabia become a more prominent part of the energy conversation, a skilled workforce will be essential to support their deployment and operation.
SMRs as a Catalyst for Local Industry and Innovation
The potential deployment of Small Modular Reactors in Saudi Arabia is expected to stimulate domestic manufacturing and innovation. By participating in the full nuclear value chain, from uranium mining and processing to fuel fabrication and reactor operation, the Kingdom aims to capture greater economic value and reduce dependence on foreign suppliers. This approach aligns with statements from Saudi officials emphasizing the importance of retaining value within the country and avoiding the “hole in the ground” model of raw material export.
Regulatory Progress and Strategic Partnerships
Saudi Arabia has taken steps to align its nuclear program with international norms. In 2024, the Kingdom announced its intention to rescind the Small Quantities Protocol and implement a full Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement with the IAEA. While it has not signed the Additional Protocol, Saudi officials maintain that their nuclear ambitions are peaceful and consistent with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The country continues to explore partnerships with global technology providers, including potential collaborations with China and Russia, should U.S. negotiations stall.
Looking Ahead: SMRs as a Cornerstone of Future Energy
As Saudi Arabia moves forward with its nuclear agenda, Small Modular Reactors in Saudi Arabia are poised to become a cornerstone of its future energy landscape. Their modularity, safety features, and versatility make them well-suited for the Kingdom’s evolving needs. With strong institutional leadership, international cooperation, and a growing base of national expertise, Saudi Arabia is positioning itself as a regional leader in advanced nuclear technologies.
Also Read: Saudi Nuclear Energy Progress Gains Momentum with First Large-Scale Plant
